Peer-to-peer (P2P) trading is defined in the Article 2(18) of Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (recast - RED II).
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According to this provision 'peer-to-peer trading’ of renewable energy means the sale of renewable energy between market participants by means of a contract with pre-determined conditions governing the automated execution and settlement of the transaction, either directly between market participants or indirectly through a certified third-party market participant, such as an aggregator. The right to conduct peer-to-peer trading shall be without prejudice to the rights and obligations of the parties involved as final customers, producers, suppliers or aggregators.
Moreover, Article 21(2)(a) of the RED II foresees that renewables self-consumers, are entitled (individually or through aggregators) to generate renewable energy, including for their own consumption, store and sell their excess production of renewable electricity, including through renewables power purchase agreements, electricity suppliers and peer-to-peer trading arrangements.
In its Guidance of June 2021 on Distribution Network Tariff Structures the E.DSO explains that concerning tariffs, P2P “only have significance when behind one single connection to the grid” - in all other situations, without such a single connection, the regular network tariffs have to be applied to each individually connected customer (p. 2).
This clarification can severely impact on the energy communities deployment.
Regulatory chronicle
25 June 2019
Regulatory Aspects of Self-Consumption and Energy Communities, CEER Report, Customers and Retail Markets and Distribution Systems Working Groups, Ref: C18-CRM9_DS7-05-03
Documentation
Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (recast), Article 2(18), Article 21(2)(a)
Peer-2-peer in the electricity sector: an academic compass in the making, Jean-Michel Glachant, 9 October 2020
https://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/68542/PB_2020_36_FSR.pdf?sequence=1
Links